The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors
Identifieur interne : 002028 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002027; suivant : 002029The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors
Auteurs : Susanne Pfefferle [Allemagne] ; Julia Schöpf [Allemagne] ; Manfred Kögl [Allemagne] ; Caroline C. Friedel [Allemagne] ; Marcel A. Müller [Allemagne] ; Javier Carbajo-Lozoya [Allemagne] ; Thorsten Stellberger [Allemagne] ; Ekatarina Von Dall Rmi [Allemagne] ; Petra Herzog [Allemagne] ; Stefan Kallies [Allemagne] ; Daniela Niemeyer [Allemagne] ; Vanessa Ditt [Allemagne] ; Thomas Kuri [Allemagne] ; Roland Züst [Suisse] ; Ksenia Pumpor [Allemagne] ; Rolf Hilgenfeld [Allemagne] ; Frank Schwarz [Allemagne] ; Ralf Zimmer [Allemagne] ; Imke Steffen [Allemagne] ; Friedemann Weber [Allemagne] ; Volker Thiel [Suisse] ; Georg Herrler [Allemagne] ; Heinz-Jürgen Thiel [Allemagne] ; Christel Schwegmann-We Els [Allemagne] ; Stefan Pöhlmann [Allemagne] ; Jürgen Haas [Allemagne, Royaume-Uni] ; Christian Drosten [Allemagne] ; Albrecht Von Brunn [Allemagne]Source :
- PLoS Pathogens [ 1553-7366 ] ; 2011.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique), Cartographie d'interactions entre protéines, Cellules Caco-2, Cellules HEK293, Cellules Jurkat, Cellules Vero, Ciclosporine (pharmacologie), Cyclophilines (), Cyclophilines (antagonistes et inhibiteurs), Cyclophilines (métabolisme), Humains, Inhibiteurs de protéases (pharmacologie), Interactions hôte-pathogène, Protéines virales (métabolisme), Réplication virale (), Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (traitement médicamenteux), Techniques de double hybride, Virus du SRAS (), Virus du SRAS (pathogénicité).
- MESH :
- antagonistes et inhibiteurs : Cyclophilines.
- métabolisme : Cyclophilines, Protéines virales.
- pathogénicité : Virus du SRAS.
- pharmacologie : Ciclosporine, Inhibiteurs de protéases.
- traitement médicamenteux : Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère.
- usage thérapeutique : Antiviraux.
- Animaux, Cartographie d'interactions entre protéines, Cellules Caco-2, Cellules HEK293, Cellules Jurkat, Cellules Vero, Cyclophilines, Humains, Interactions hôte-pathogène, Réplication virale, Techniques de double hybride, Virus du SRAS.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Caco-2 Cells, Chlorocebus aethiops, Cyclophilins (antagonists & inhibitors), Cyclophilins (drug effects), Cyclophilins (metabolism), Cyclosporine (pharmacology), HEK293 Cells, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Jurkat Cells, Protease Inhibitors (pharmacology), Protein Interaction Mapping, SARS Virus (drug effects), SARS Virus (pathogenicity), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (drug therapy), Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Vero Cells, Viral Proteins (metabolism), Virus Replication (drug effects).
- MESH :
- chemical , antagonists & inhibitors : Cyclophilins.
- chemical , drug effects : Cyclophilins.
- chemical , metabolism : Cyclophilins, Viral Proteins.
- chemical , pharmacology : Cyclosporine, Protease Inhibitors.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiviral Agents.
- drug effects : SARS Virus, Virus Replication.
- drug therapy : Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- pathogenicity : SARS Virus.
- Animals, Caco-2 Cells, Chlorocebus aethiops, HEK293 Cells, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Jurkat Cells, Protein Interaction Mapping, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Vero Cells.
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are important human and animal pathogens that induce fatal respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurological disease. The outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002/2003 has demonstrated human vulnerability to (Coronavirus) CoV epidemics. Neither vaccines nor therapeutics are available against human and animal CoVs. Knowledge of host cell proteins that take part in pivotal virus-host interactions could define broad-spectrum antiviral targets. In this study, we used a systems biology approach employing a genome-wide yeast-two hybrid interaction screen to identify immunopilins (PPIA, PPIB, PPIH, PPIG, FKBP1A, FKBP1B) as interaction partners of the CoV non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1). These molecules modulate the Calcineurin/NFAT pathway that plays an important role in immune cell activation. Overexpression of NSP1 and infection with live SARS-CoV strongly increased signalling through the Calcineurin/NFAT pathway and enhanced the induction of interleukin 2, compatible with late-stage immunopathogenicity and long-term cytokine dysregulation as observed in severe SARS cases. Conversely, inhibition of cyclophilins by cyclosporine A (CspA) blocked the replication of CoVs of all genera, including SARS-CoV, human CoV-229E and -NL-63, feline CoV, as well as avian infectious bronchitis virus. Non-immunosuppressive derivatives of CspA might serve as broad-range CoV inhibitors applicable against emerging CoVs as well as ubiquitous pathogens of humans and livestock.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002331
PubMed: 22046132
PubMed Central: 3203193
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Royaume-Uni, Suisse
- Bade-Wurtemberg, Basse-Saxe, Bavière, District de Cologne, District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau, District de Giessen, District de Haute-Bavière, District de Karlsruhe, Hambourg, Hesse (Land), Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie, Écosse
- Bonn, Fribourg-en-Brisgau, Hambourg, Hanovre, Heidelberg, Marbourg, Munich, Édimbourg
- Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich, Université d'Édimbourg
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 001405
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 001405
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000B07
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 001453
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 001453
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 001418
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 002407
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 002407
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 002407
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 002052
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 002028
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors</title><author><name sortKey="Pfefferle, Susanne" sort="Pfefferle, Susanne" uniqKey="Pfefferle S" first="Susanne" last="Pfefferle">Susanne Pfefferle</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Bernhard-Nocht-Institute, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Bernhard-Nocht-Institute, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schopf, Julia" sort="Schopf, Julia" uniqKey="Schopf J" first="Julia" last="Schöpf">Julia Schöpf</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kogl, Manfred" sort="Kogl, Manfred" uniqKey="Kogl M" first="Manfred" last="Kögl">Manfred Kögl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DKFZ, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friedel, Caroline C" sort="Friedel, Caroline C" uniqKey="Friedel C" first="Caroline C." last="Friedel">Caroline C. Friedel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel A" sort="Muller, Marcel A" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel A." last="Müller">Marcel A. Müller</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carbajo Lozoya, Javier" sort="Carbajo Lozoya, Javier" uniqKey="Carbajo Lozoya J" first="Javier" last="Carbajo-Lozoya">Javier Carbajo-Lozoya</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stellberger, Thorsten" sort="Stellberger, Thorsten" uniqKey="Stellberger T" first="Thorsten" last="Stellberger">Thorsten Stellberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Dall Rmi, Ekatarina" sort="Von Dall Rmi, Ekatarina" uniqKey="Von Dall Rmi E" first="Ekatarina" last="Von Dall Rmi">Ekatarina Von Dall Rmi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herzog, Petra" sort="Herzog, Petra" uniqKey="Herzog P" first="Petra" last="Herzog">Petra Herzog</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kallies, Stefan" sort="Kallies, Stefan" uniqKey="Kallies S" first="Stefan" last="Kallies">Stefan Kallies</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Niemeyer, Daniela" sort="Niemeyer, Daniela" uniqKey="Niemeyer D" first="Daniela" last="Niemeyer">Daniela Niemeyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ditt, Vanessa" sort="Ditt, Vanessa" uniqKey="Ditt V" first="Vanessa" last="Ditt">Vanessa Ditt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuri, Thomas" sort="Kuri, Thomas" uniqKey="Kuri T" first="Thomas" last="Kuri">Thomas Kuri</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region><settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zust, Roland" sort="Zust, Roland" uniqKey="Zust R" first="Roland" last="Züst">Roland Züst</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pumpor, Ksenia" sort="Pumpor, Ksenia" uniqKey="Pumpor K" first="Ksenia" last="Pumpor">Ksenia Pumpor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hilgenfeld, Rolf" sort="Hilgenfeld, Rolf" uniqKey="Hilgenfeld R" first="Rolf" last="Hilgenfeld">Rolf Hilgenfeld</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwarz, Frank" sort="Schwarz, Frank" uniqKey="Schwarz F" first="Frank" last="Schwarz">Frank Schwarz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DKFZ, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmer, Ralf" sort="Zimmer, Ralf" uniqKey="Zimmer R" first="Ralf" last="Zimmer">Ralf Zimmer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steffen, Imke" sort="Steffen, Imke" uniqKey="Steffen I" first="Imke" last="Steffen">Imke Steffen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Friedemann" sort="Weber, Friedemann" uniqKey="Weber F" first="Friedemann" last="Weber">Friedemann Weber</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region><settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region><settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herrler, Georg" sort="Herrler, Georg" uniqKey="Herrler G" first="Georg" last="Herrler">Georg Herrler</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, Heinz Jurgen" sort="Thiel, Heinz Jurgen" uniqKey="Thiel H" first="Heinz-Jürgen" last="Thiel">Heinz-Jürgen Thiel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13"><addr-line>Institute for Virology, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Virology, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwegmann We Els, Christel" sort="Schwegmann We Els, Christel" uniqKey="Schwegmann We Els C" first="Christel" last="Schwegmann-We Els">Christel Schwegmann-We Els</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pohlmann, Stefan" sort="Pohlmann, Stefan" uniqKey="Pohlmann S" first="Stefan" last="Pöhlmann">Stefan Pöhlmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haas, Jurgen" sort="Haas, Jurgen" uniqKey="Haas J" first="Jürgen" last="Haas">Jürgen Haas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff14"><addr-line>Division of Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Albrecht" sort="Von Brunn, Albrecht" uniqKey="Von Brunn A" first="Albrecht" last="Von Brunn">Albrecht Von Brunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22046132</idno><idno type="pmc">3203193</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3203193</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3203193</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.ppat.1002331</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001405</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001405</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001405</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001405</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000B07</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000B07</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:22046132</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001453</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001453</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001453</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001453</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">001418</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">001418</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002407</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002407</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002407</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1553-7366:2011:Pfefferle S:the:sars:coronavirus</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">002052</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002028</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002028</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors</title><author><name sortKey="Pfefferle, Susanne" sort="Pfefferle, Susanne" uniqKey="Pfefferle S" first="Susanne" last="Pfefferle">Susanne Pfefferle</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Bernhard-Nocht-Institute, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Bernhard-Nocht-Institute, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schopf, Julia" sort="Schopf, Julia" uniqKey="Schopf J" first="Julia" last="Schöpf">Julia Schöpf</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kogl, Manfred" sort="Kogl, Manfred" uniqKey="Kogl M" first="Manfred" last="Kögl">Manfred Kögl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DKFZ, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Friedel, Caroline C" sort="Friedel, Caroline C" uniqKey="Friedel C" first="Caroline C." last="Friedel">Caroline C. Friedel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel A" sort="Muller, Marcel A" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel A." last="Müller">Marcel A. Müller</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carbajo Lozoya, Javier" sort="Carbajo Lozoya, Javier" uniqKey="Carbajo Lozoya J" first="Javier" last="Carbajo-Lozoya">Javier Carbajo-Lozoya</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stellberger, Thorsten" sort="Stellberger, Thorsten" uniqKey="Stellberger T" first="Thorsten" last="Stellberger">Thorsten Stellberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Dall Rmi, Ekatarina" sort="Von Dall Rmi, Ekatarina" uniqKey="Von Dall Rmi E" first="Ekatarina" last="Von Dall Rmi">Ekatarina Von Dall Rmi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herzog, Petra" sort="Herzog, Petra" uniqKey="Herzog P" first="Petra" last="Herzog">Petra Herzog</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kallies, Stefan" sort="Kallies, Stefan" uniqKey="Kallies S" first="Stefan" last="Kallies">Stefan Kallies</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Niemeyer, Daniela" sort="Niemeyer, Daniela" uniqKey="Niemeyer D" first="Daniela" last="Niemeyer">Daniela Niemeyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ditt, Vanessa" sort="Ditt, Vanessa" uniqKey="Ditt V" first="Vanessa" last="Ditt">Vanessa Ditt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuri, Thomas" sort="Kuri, Thomas" uniqKey="Kuri T" first="Thomas" last="Kuri">Thomas Kuri</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region><settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zust, Roland" sort="Zust, Roland" uniqKey="Zust R" first="Roland" last="Züst">Roland Züst</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pumpor, Ksenia" sort="Pumpor, Ksenia" uniqKey="Pumpor K" first="Ksenia" last="Pumpor">Ksenia Pumpor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hilgenfeld, Rolf" sort="Hilgenfeld, Rolf" uniqKey="Hilgenfeld R" first="Rolf" last="Hilgenfeld">Rolf Hilgenfeld</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff9"><addr-line>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Luebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwarz, Frank" sort="Schwarz, Frank" uniqKey="Schwarz F" first="Frank" last="Schwarz">Frank Schwarz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DKFZ, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmer, Ralf" sort="Zimmer, Ralf" uniqKey="Zimmer R" first="Ralf" last="Zimmer">Ralf Zimmer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Informatics, LMU Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steffen, Imke" sort="Steffen, Imke" uniqKey="Steffen I" first="Imke" last="Steffen">Imke Steffen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Friedemann" sort="Weber, Friedemann" uniqKey="Weber F" first="Friedemann" last="Weber">Friedemann Weber</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IMMH, Albert-Ludwigs-University-Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region><settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region><settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kantonsspital St. Gallen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herrler, Georg" sort="Herrler, Georg" uniqKey="Herrler G" first="Georg" last="Herrler">Georg Herrler</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, Heinz Jurgen" sort="Thiel, Heinz Jurgen" uniqKey="Thiel H" first="Heinz-Jürgen" last="Thiel">Heinz-Jürgen Thiel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff13"><addr-line>Institute for Virology, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Virology, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Giessen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Giessen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwegmann We Els, Christel" sort="Schwegmann We Els, Christel" uniqKey="Schwegmann We Els C" first="Christel" last="Schwegmann-We Els">Christel Schwegmann-We Els</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff12"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pohlmann, Stefan" sort="Pohlmann, Stefan" uniqKey="Pohlmann S" first="Stefan" last="Pöhlmann">Stefan Pöhlmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff10"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Hanovre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haas, Jurgen" sort="Haas, Jurgen" uniqKey="Haas J" first="Jürgen" last="Haas">Jürgen Haas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff14"><addr-line>Division of Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Albrecht" sort="Von Brunn, Albrecht" uniqKey="Von Brunn A" first="Albrecht" last="Von Brunn">Albrecht Von Brunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS Pathogens</title><idno type="ISSN">1553-7366</idno><idno type="eISSN">1553-7374</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Caco-2 Cells</term><term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term><term>Cyclophilins (antagonists & inhibitors)</term><term>Cyclophilins (drug effects)</term><term>Cyclophilins (metabolism)</term><term>Cyclosporine (pharmacology)</term><term>HEK293 Cells</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Humans</term><term>Jurkat Cells</term><term>Protease Inhibitors (pharmacology)</term><term>Protein Interaction Mapping</term><term>SARS Virus (drug effects)</term><term>SARS Virus (pathogenicity)</term><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (drug therapy)</term><term>Two-Hybrid System Techniques</term><term>Vero Cells</term><term>Viral Proteins (metabolism)</term><term>Virus Replication (drug effects)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Cartographie d'interactions entre protéines</term><term>Cellules Caco-2</term><term>Cellules HEK293</term><term>Cellules Jurkat</term><term>Cellules Vero</term><term>Ciclosporine (pharmacologie)</term><term>Cyclophilines ()</term><term>Cyclophilines (antagonistes et inhibiteurs)</term><term>Cyclophilines (métabolisme)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Inhibiteurs de protéases (pharmacologie)</term><term>Interactions hôte-pathogène</term><term>Protéines virales (métabolisme)</term><term>Réplication virale ()</term><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Techniques de double hybride</term><term>Virus du SRAS ()</term><term>Virus du SRAS (pathogénicité)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="antagonists & inhibitors" xml:lang="en"><term>Cyclophilins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Cyclophilins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Cyclophilins</term><term>Viral Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cyclosporine</term><term>Protease Inhibitors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="antagonistes et inhibiteurs" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cyclophilines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cyclophilines</term><term>Protéines virales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ciclosporine</term><term>Inhibiteurs de protéases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Caco-2 Cells</term><term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term><term>HEK293 Cells</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Humans</term><term>Jurkat Cells</term><term>Protein Interaction Mapping</term><term>Two-Hybrid System Techniques</term><term>Vero Cells</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Cartographie d'interactions entre protéines</term><term>Cellules Caco-2</term><term>Cellules HEK293</term><term>Cellules Jurkat</term><term>Cellules Vero</term><term>Cyclophilines</term><term>Humains</term><term>Interactions hôte-pathogène</term><term>Réplication virale</term><term>Techniques de double hybride</term><term>Virus du SRAS</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Coronaviruses (CoVs) are important human and animal pathogens that induce fatal respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurological disease. The outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002/2003 has demonstrated human vulnerability to (Coronavirus) CoV epidemics. Neither vaccines nor therapeutics are available against human and animal CoVs. Knowledge of host cell proteins that take part in pivotal virus-host interactions could define broad-spectrum antiviral targets. In this study, we used a systems biology approach employing a genome-wide yeast-two hybrid interaction screen to identify immunopilins (PPIA, PPIB, PPIH, PPIG, FKBP1A, FKBP1B) as interaction partners of the CoV non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1). These molecules modulate the Calcineurin/NFAT pathway that plays an important role in immune cell activation. Overexpression of NSP1 and infection with live SARS-CoV strongly increased signalling through the Calcineurin/NFAT pathway and enhanced the induction of interleukin 2, compatible with late-stage immunopathogenicity and long-term cytokine dysregulation as observed in severe SARS cases. Conversely, inhibition of cyclophilins by cyclosporine A (CspA) blocked the replication of CoVs of all genera, including SARS-CoV, human CoV-229E and -NL-63, feline CoV, as well as avian infectious bronchitis virus. Non-immunosuppressive derivatives of CspA might serve as broad-range CoV inhibitors applicable against emerging CoVs as well as ubiquitous pathogens of humans and livestock.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S Perlman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Netland, J" uniqKey="Netland J">J Netland</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, Ad" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">AD Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stohr, K" uniqKey="Stohr K">K Stohr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Lf" uniqKey="Wang L">LF Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Z" uniqKey="Shi Z">Z Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, S" uniqKey="Zhang S">S Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Field, H" uniqKey="Field H">H Field</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daszak, P" uniqKey="Daszak P">P Daszak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drexler, Jf" uniqKey="Drexler J">JF Drexler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gloza Rausch, F" uniqKey="Gloza Rausch F">F Gloza-Rausch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glende, J" uniqKey="Glende J">J Glende</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D Muth</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, Pc" uniqKey="Woo P">PC Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Sk" uniqKey="Lau S">SK Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Y" uniqKey="Huang Y">Y Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Ky" uniqKey="Yuen K">KY Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, A" uniqKey="Von Brunn A">A von Brunn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Teepe, C" uniqKey="Teepe C">C Teepe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Jc" uniqKey="Simpson J">JC Simpson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pepperkok, R" uniqKey="Pepperkok R">R Pepperkok</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friedel, Cc" uniqKey="Friedel C">CC Friedel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Uetz, P" uniqKey="Uetz P">P Uetz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, Ya" uniqKey="Dong Y">YA Dong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zeretzke, C" uniqKey="Zeretzke C">C Zeretzke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Atzler, C" uniqKey="Atzler C">C Atzler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baiker, A" uniqKey="Baiker A">A Baiker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Feske, S" uniqKey="Feske S">S Feske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giltnane, J" uniqKey="Giltnane J">J Giltnane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dolmetsch, R" uniqKey="Dolmetsch R">R Dolmetsch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Staudt, Lm" uniqKey="Staudt L">LM Staudt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, A" uniqKey="Rao A">A Rao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hogan, Pg" uniqKey="Hogan P">PG Hogan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, L" uniqKey="Chen L">L Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nardone, J" uniqKey="Nardone J">J Nardone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, A" uniqKey="Rao A">A Rao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Braun, P" uniqKey="Braun P">P Braun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tasan, M" uniqKey="Tasan M">M Tasan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dreze, M" uniqKey="Dreze M">M Dreze</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barrios Rodiles, M" uniqKey="Barrios Rodiles M">M Barrios-Rodiles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemmens, I" uniqKey="Lemmens I">I Lemmens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alexa, A" uniqKey="Alexa A">A Alexa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rahnenfuhrer, J" uniqKey="Rahnenfuhrer J">J Rahnenfuhrer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lengauer, T" uniqKey="Lengauer T">T Lengauer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bauer, S" uniqKey="Bauer S">S Bauer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grossmann, S" uniqKey="Grossmann S">S Grossmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vingron, M" uniqKey="Vingron M">M Vingron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson, Pn" uniqKey="Robinson P">PN Robinson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yu, H" uniqKey="Yu H">H Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Pm" uniqKey="Kim P">PM Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sprecher, E" uniqKey="Sprecher E">E Sprecher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Trifonov, V" uniqKey="Trifonov V">V Trifonov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerstein, M" uniqKey="Gerstein M">M Gerstein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hermann Kleiter, N" uniqKey="Hermann Kleiter N">N Hermann-Kleiter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baier, G" uniqKey="Baier G">G Baier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Luban, J" uniqKey="Luban J">J Luban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bossolt, Kl" uniqKey="Bossolt K">KL Bossolt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Ek" uniqKey="Franke E">EK Franke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kalpana, Gv" uniqKey="Kalpana G">GV Kalpana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goff, Sp" uniqKey="Goff S">SP Goff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Watashi, K" uniqKey="Watashi K">K Watashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ishii, N" uniqKey="Ishii N">N Ishii</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hijikata, M" uniqKey="Hijikata M">M Hijikata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inoue, D" uniqKey="Inoue D">D Inoue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murata, T" uniqKey="Murata T">T Murata</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Macian, F" uniqKey="Macian F">F Macian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pfefferle, S" uniqKey="Pfefferle S">S Pfefferle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kraehling, V" uniqKey="Kraehling V">V Kraehling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ditt, V" uniqKey="Ditt V">V Ditt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grywna, K" uniqKey="Grywna K">K Grywna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muehlberger, E" uniqKey="Muehlberger E">E Muehlberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Spiegel, M" uniqKey="Spiegel M">M Spiegel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, F" uniqKey="Weber F">F Weber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jain, J" uniqKey="Jain J">J Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Loh, C" uniqKey="Loh C">C Loh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, A" uniqKey="Rao A">A Rao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yoneyama, M" uniqKey="Yoneyama M">M Yoneyama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suhara, W" uniqKey="Suhara W">W Suhara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fukuhara, Y" uniqKey="Fukuhara Y">Y Fukuhara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fukuda, M" uniqKey="Fukuda M">M Fukuda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishida, E" uniqKey="Nishida E">E Nishida</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Y" uniqKey="Wang Y">Y Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, H" uniqKey="Shi H">H Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rigolet, P" uniqKey="Rigolet P">P Rigolet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, N" uniqKey="Wu N">N Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, L" uniqKey="Zhu L">L Zhu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, L" uniqKey="Chen L">L Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gui, C" uniqKey="Gui C">C Gui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, X" uniqKey="Luo X">X Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Q" uniqKey="Yang Q">Q Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gunther, S" uniqKey="Gunther S">S Gunther</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Almazan, F" uniqKey="Almazan F">F Almazan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dediego, Ml" uniqKey="Dediego M">ML Dediego</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galan, C" uniqKey="Galan C">C Galan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Escors, D" uniqKey="Escors D">D Escors</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez, E" uniqKey="Alvarez E">E Alvarez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yount, B" uniqKey="Yount B">B Yount</name></author><author><name sortKey="Curtis, Km" uniqKey="Curtis K">KM Curtis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fritz, Ea" uniqKey="Fritz E">EA Fritz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hensley, Le" uniqKey="Hensley L">LE Hensley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jahrling, Pb" uniqKey="Jahrling P">PB Jahrling</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Kk" uniqKey="Eriksson K">KK Eriksson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makia, D" uniqKey="Makia D">D Makia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thiel, V" uniqKey="Thiel V">V Thiel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pan, J" uniqKey="Pan J">J Pan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peng, X" uniqKey="Peng X">X Peng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Y" uniqKey="Gao Y">Y Gao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Z" uniqKey="Li Z">Z Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, X" uniqKey="Lu X">X Lu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Imbert, I" uniqKey="Imbert I">I Imbert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Snijder, Ej" uniqKey="Snijder E">EJ Snijder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dimitrova, M" uniqKey="Dimitrova M">M Dimitrova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guillemot, Jc" uniqKey="Guillemot J">JC Guillemot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lecine, P" uniqKey="Lecine P">P Lecine</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ng, Lf" uniqKey="Ng L">LF Ng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hibberd, Ml" uniqKey="Hibberd M">ML Hibberd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ooi, Ee" uniqKey="Ooi E">EE Ooi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Kf" uniqKey="Tang K">KF Tang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Neo, Sy" uniqKey="Neo S">SY Neo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pang, Rt" uniqKey="Pang R">RT Pang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Tc" uniqKey="Poon T">TC Poon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Kc" uniqKey="Chan K">KC Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Nl" uniqKey="Lee N">NL Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chiu, Rw" uniqKey="Chiu R">RW Chiu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Neuman, Bw" uniqKey="Neuman B">BW Neuman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, Js" uniqKey="Joseph J">JS Joseph</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saikatendu, Ks" uniqKey="Saikatendu K">KS Saikatendu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Serrano, P" uniqKey="Serrano P">P Serrano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chatterjee, A" uniqKey="Chatterjee A">A Chatterjee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Walhout, Aj" uniqKey="Walhout A">AJ Walhout</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vidal, M" uniqKey="Vidal M">M Vidal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Walhout, Aj" uniqKey="Walhout A">AJ Walhout</name></author><author><name sortKey="Temple, Gf" uniqKey="Temple G">GF Temple</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brasch, Ma" uniqKey="Brasch M">MA Brasch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hartley, Jl" uniqKey="Hartley J">JL Hartley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lorson, Ma" uniqKey="Lorson M">MA Lorson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barrios Rodiles, M" uniqKey="Barrios Rodiles M">M Barrios-Rodiles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Kr" uniqKey="Brown K">KR Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozdamar, B" uniqKey="Ozdamar B">B Ozdamar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bose, R" uniqKey="Bose R">R Bose</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Z" uniqKey="Liu Z">Z Liu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zust, R" uniqKey="Zust R">R Zust</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cervantes Barragan, L" uniqKey="Cervantes Barragan L">L Cervantes-Barragan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuri, T" uniqKey="Kuri T">T Kuri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blakqori, G" uniqKey="Blakqori G">G Blakqori</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, F" uniqKey="Weber F">F Weber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kamitani, W" uniqKey="Kamitani W">W Kamitani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, C" uniqKey="Huang C">C Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Narayanan, K" uniqKey="Narayanan K">K Narayanan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lokugamage, Kg" uniqKey="Lokugamage K">KG Lokugamage</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makino, S" uniqKey="Makino S">S Makino</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wathelet, Mg" uniqKey="Wathelet M">MG Wathelet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Orr, M" uniqKey="Orr M">M Orr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frieman, Mb" uniqKey="Frieman M">MB Frieman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baric, Rs" uniqKey="Baric R">RS Baric</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Narayanan, K" uniqKey="Narayanan K">K Narayanan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, C" uniqKey="Huang C">C Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lokugamage, K" uniqKey="Lokugamage K">K Lokugamage</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kamitani, W" uniqKey="Kamitani W">W Kamitani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ikegami, T" uniqKey="Ikegami T">T Ikegami</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jones, Bm" uniqKey="Jones B">BM Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Es" uniqKey="Ma E">ES Ma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Pc" uniqKey="Wong P">PC Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Jc" uniqKey="Ho J">JC Ho</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Loutfy, Mr" uniqKey="Loutfy M">MR Loutfy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blatt, Lm" uniqKey="Blatt L">LM Blatt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siminovitch, Ka" uniqKey="Siminovitch K">KA Siminovitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, S" uniqKey="Ward S">S Ward</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wolff, B" uniqKey="Wolff B">B Wolff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Cm" uniqKey="Chu C">CM Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Vc" uniqKey="Cheng V">VC Cheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Ks" uniqKey="Chan K">KS Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hung, If" uniqKey="Hung I">IF Hung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, J" uniqKey="Liu J">J Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farmer, Jd" uniqKey="Farmer J">JD Farmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lane, Ws" uniqKey="Lane W">WS Lane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friedman, J" uniqKey="Friedman J">J Friedman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weissman, I" uniqKey="Weissman I">I Weissman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galat, A" uniqKey="Galat A">A Galat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bua, J" uniqKey="Bua J">J Bua</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Luo, C" uniqKey="Luo C">C Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, H" uniqKey="Luo H">H Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, S" uniqKey="Zheng S">S Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gui, C" uniqKey="Gui C">C Gui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yue, L" uniqKey="Yue L">L Yue</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fischer, G" uniqKey="Fischer G">G Fischer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gallay, P" uniqKey="Gallay P">P Gallay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hopkins, S" uniqKey="Hopkins S">S Hopkins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brockway, Sm" uniqKey="Brockway S">SM Brockway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Denison, Mr" uniqKey="Denison M">MR Denison</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Albers, M" uniqKey="Albers M">M Albers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kranz, H" uniqKey="Kranz H">H Kranz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kober, I" uniqKey="Kober I">I Kober</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaiser, C" uniqKey="Kaiser C">C Kaiser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klink, M" uniqKey="Klink M">M Klink</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preiser, W" uniqKey="Preiser W">W Preiser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gunther, S" uniqKey="Gunther S">S Gunther</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitz, H" uniqKey="Schmitz H">H Schmitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doerr, Hw" uniqKey="Doerr H">HW Doerr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Herzog, P" uniqKey="Herzog P">P Herzog</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ma" uniqKey="Muller M">MA Muller</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krempl, C" uniqKey="Krempl C">C Krempl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ballesteros, Ml" uniqKey="Ballesteros M">ML Ballesteros</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zimmer, G" uniqKey="Zimmer G">G Zimmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Enjuanes, L" uniqKey="Enjuanes L">L Enjuanes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klenk, Hd" uniqKey="Klenk H">HD Klenk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pfefferle, S" uniqKey="Pfefferle S">S Pfefferle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krahling, V" uniqKey="Krahling V">V Krahling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ditt, V" uniqKey="Ditt V">V Ditt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grywna, K" uniqKey="Grywna K">K Grywna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muhlberger, E" uniqKey="Muhlberger E">E Muhlberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Benjamini, Y" uniqKey="Benjamini Y">Y Benjamini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hochberg, Y" uniqKey="Hochberg Y">Y Hochberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ruepp, A" uniqKey="Ruepp A">A Ruepp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brauner, B" uniqKey="Brauner B">B Brauner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunger Kaltenbach, I" uniqKey="Dunger Kaltenbach I">I Dunger-Kaltenbach</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frishman, G" uniqKey="Frishman G">G Frishman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montrone, C" uniqKey="Montrone C">C Montrone</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peri, S" uniqKey="Peri S">S Peri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro, Jd" uniqKey="Navarro J">JD Navarro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kristiansen, Tz" uniqKey="Kristiansen T">TZ Kristiansen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amanchy, R" uniqKey="Amanchy R">R Amanchy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Surendranath, V" uniqKey="Surendranath V">V Surendranath</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Breitkreutz, Bj" uniqKey="Breitkreutz B">BJ Breitkreutz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stark, C" uniqKey="Stark C">C Stark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reguly, T" uniqKey="Reguly T">T Reguly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boucher, L" uniqKey="Boucher L">L Boucher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breitkreutz, A" uniqKey="Breitkreutz A">A Breitkreutz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marra, Ma" uniqKey="Marra M">MA Marra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Sj" uniqKey="Jones S">SJ Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Astell, Cr" uniqKey="Astell C">CR Astell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holt, Ra" uniqKey="Holt R">RA Holt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brooks Wilson, A" uniqKey="Brooks Wilson A">A Brooks-Wilson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suisse</li></country><region><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>Basse-Saxe</li><li>Bavière</li><li>District de Cologne</li><li>District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</li><li>District de Giessen</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li><li>District de Karlsruhe</li><li>Hambourg</li><li>Hesse (Land)</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li><li>Écosse</li></region><settlement><li>Bonn</li><li>Fribourg-en-Brisgau</li><li>Hambourg</li><li>Hanovre</li><li>Heidelberg</li><li>Marbourg</li><li>Munich</li><li>Édimbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</li><li>Université d'Édimbourg</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Hambourg"><name sortKey="Pfefferle, Susanne" sort="Pfefferle, Susanne" uniqKey="Pfefferle S" first="Susanne" last="Pfefferle">Susanne Pfefferle</name></region><name sortKey="Carbajo Lozoya, Javier" sort="Carbajo Lozoya, Javier" uniqKey="Carbajo Lozoya J" first="Javier" last="Carbajo-Lozoya">Javier Carbajo-Lozoya</name><name sortKey="Ditt, Vanessa" sort="Ditt, Vanessa" uniqKey="Ditt V" first="Vanessa" last="Ditt">Vanessa Ditt</name><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><name sortKey="Friedel, Caroline C" sort="Friedel, Caroline C" uniqKey="Friedel C" first="Caroline C." last="Friedel">Caroline C. Friedel</name><name sortKey="Friedel, Caroline C" sort="Friedel, Caroline C" uniqKey="Friedel C" first="Caroline C." last="Friedel">Caroline C. Friedel</name><name sortKey="Haas, Jurgen" sort="Haas, Jurgen" uniqKey="Haas J" first="Jürgen" last="Haas">Jürgen Haas</name><name sortKey="Herrler, Georg" sort="Herrler, Georg" uniqKey="Herrler G" first="Georg" last="Herrler">Georg Herrler</name><name sortKey="Herzog, Petra" sort="Herzog, Petra" uniqKey="Herzog P" first="Petra" last="Herzog">Petra Herzog</name><name sortKey="Hilgenfeld, Rolf" sort="Hilgenfeld, Rolf" uniqKey="Hilgenfeld R" first="Rolf" last="Hilgenfeld">Rolf Hilgenfeld</name><name sortKey="Kallies, Stefan" sort="Kallies, Stefan" uniqKey="Kallies S" first="Stefan" last="Kallies">Stefan Kallies</name><name sortKey="Kogl, Manfred" sort="Kogl, Manfred" uniqKey="Kogl M" first="Manfred" last="Kögl">Manfred Kögl</name><name sortKey="Kuri, Thomas" sort="Kuri, Thomas" uniqKey="Kuri T" first="Thomas" last="Kuri">Thomas Kuri</name><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel A" sort="Muller, Marcel A" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel A." last="Müller">Marcel A. Müller</name><name sortKey="Niemeyer, Daniela" sort="Niemeyer, Daniela" uniqKey="Niemeyer D" first="Daniela" last="Niemeyer">Daniela Niemeyer</name><name sortKey="Pfefferle, Susanne" sort="Pfefferle, Susanne" uniqKey="Pfefferle S" first="Susanne" last="Pfefferle">Susanne Pfefferle</name><name sortKey="Pohlmann, Stefan" sort="Pohlmann, Stefan" uniqKey="Pohlmann S" first="Stefan" last="Pöhlmann">Stefan Pöhlmann</name><name sortKey="Pumpor, Ksenia" sort="Pumpor, Ksenia" uniqKey="Pumpor K" first="Ksenia" last="Pumpor">Ksenia Pumpor</name><name sortKey="Schopf, Julia" sort="Schopf, Julia" uniqKey="Schopf J" first="Julia" last="Schöpf">Julia Schöpf</name><name sortKey="Schwarz, Frank" sort="Schwarz, Frank" uniqKey="Schwarz F" first="Frank" last="Schwarz">Frank Schwarz</name><name sortKey="Schwegmann We Els, Christel" sort="Schwegmann We Els, Christel" uniqKey="Schwegmann We Els C" first="Christel" last="Schwegmann-We Els">Christel Schwegmann-We Els</name><name sortKey="Steffen, Imke" sort="Steffen, Imke" uniqKey="Steffen I" first="Imke" last="Steffen">Imke Steffen</name><name sortKey="Stellberger, Thorsten" sort="Stellberger, Thorsten" uniqKey="Stellberger T" first="Thorsten" last="Stellberger">Thorsten Stellberger</name><name sortKey="Thiel, Heinz Jurgen" sort="Thiel, Heinz Jurgen" uniqKey="Thiel H" first="Heinz-Jürgen" last="Thiel">Heinz-Jürgen Thiel</name><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Albrecht" sort="Von Brunn, Albrecht" uniqKey="Von Brunn A" first="Albrecht" last="Von Brunn">Albrecht Von Brunn</name><name sortKey="Von Dall Rmi, Ekatarina" sort="Von Dall Rmi, Ekatarina" uniqKey="Von Dall Rmi E" first="Ekatarina" last="Von Dall Rmi">Ekatarina Von Dall Rmi</name><name sortKey="Weber, Friedemann" sort="Weber, Friedemann" uniqKey="Weber F" first="Friedemann" last="Weber">Friedemann Weber</name><name sortKey="Weber, Friedemann" sort="Weber, Friedemann" uniqKey="Weber F" first="Friedemann" last="Weber">Friedemann Weber</name><name sortKey="Zimmer, Ralf" sort="Zimmer, Ralf" uniqKey="Zimmer R" first="Ralf" last="Zimmer">Ralf Zimmer</name></country><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Zust, Roland" sort="Zust, Roland" uniqKey="Zust R" first="Roland" last="Züst">Roland Züst</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Écosse"><name sortKey="Haas, Jurgen" sort="Haas, Jurgen" uniqKey="Haas J" first="Jürgen" last="Haas">Jürgen Haas</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002028 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 002028 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= SrasV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3203193
|texte= The SARS-Coronavirus-Host Interactome: Identification of Cyclophilins as Target for Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitors
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:22046132" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |